The Parisian club has now claimed the season-opening cup on fourteen different times.
Paris Saint-Germain required a dramatic equaliser followed by a successful spot-kick decider to overcome Marseille in the Gulf and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The European champions seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match between the French league champions and the French Cup holders after the French winger found the scoring in the opening stages.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to take a shock lead. First, the English forward converted from the penalty spot, before the defender inadvertently directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a remarkable turn of fortune, Goncalo Ramos grabbed a vital leveler in the final moments to send the match into a penalty shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then stood as the hero, stopping decisive kicks from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
From the spot, Ramos, the midfielder, Nuno Mendes, and the young talent all converted successfully for Paris Saint-Germain to seal a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a domestic double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last thirteen seasons.